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Thermo Sudoku

Thermo Sudoku adds thermometers to the grid. Each thermometer starts at a round bulb, and the digits must get strictly bigger as you follow it away from the bulb. There’s no other cage or sum: the order alone limits what can go where, which makes it a great logic variant.

The rules

  1. Fill the grid so every row, column and 3×3 box holds 1 to 9.
  2. Along each thermometer, numbers must get bigger, starting at the bulb.
  3. Numbers on a thermometer can’t repeat.

An example puzzle

454217536348

An Easy Thermo Sudoku puzzle with 12 starting digits. It has one solution.

What each cell can be

Because digits rise along the thermometer, a cell near the bulb can’t be large and a cell near the tip can’t be small. For a thermometer of length n, the cell in position k (counting the bulb as 1) is at least k and at most 9 − n + k. Here are the ranges from the bulb to the tip.

LengthAllowed digits, bulb to tip
3 cells1 to 7 · 2 to 8 · 3 to 9
4 cells1 to 6 · 2 to 7 · 3 to 8 · 4 to 9
5 cells1 to 5 · 2 to 6 · 3 to 7 · 4 to 8 · 5 to 9
6 cells1 to 4 · 2 to 5 · 3 to 6 · 4 to 7 · 5 to 8 · 6 to 9

Solving tips

  • Start with the longest thermometers. Their cells have the narrowest ranges.
  • A placed digit changes its neighbours’ bounds. A 3 in the second cell means the bulb can only be 1 or 2, and the cell after it is at least 4.
  • Thermometers can bend and even cross a box edge. Only the order along the thermometer matters, not whether cells touch a row or column.
  • Mix in normal Sudoku logic: a thermometer often leaves a cell with two candidates that a row or box then settles.

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